COPE Health Scholars Practice Test

What is one of the long-term effects of untreated hypertension?

1. Increased muscle strength

2. Weight loss

3. Heart failure

4. Improved energy levels

The correct answer is: Heart failure

Hypertension, if left untreated, can lead to a number of serious health complications over time, one of which is heart failure. High blood pressure places significant strain on the heart as it works harder to pump blood through the arteries. Chronic elevation in blood pressure can cause the heart muscle to thicken (a condition known as left ventricular hypertrophy), which can impair its ability to pump effectively. Over time, this can lead to heart failure, where the heart is unable to meet the body's demands for blood and oxygen, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention. In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent consequences of untreated hypertension. Increased muscle strength and improved energy levels are not effects associated with high blood pressure; instead, the physical toll on the body often leads to decreased stamina and overall health. Weight loss is also not a common outcome of untreated hypertension; rather, individuals with high blood pressure may experience other weight-related issues. Therefore, heart failure stands out as a direct and serious long-term effect of untreated hypertension.